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''Streptomyces griseus'' is a species of bacteria in the genus ''Streptomyces'' commonly found in soil. A few strains have been also reported from deep-sea sediments. It is a Gram positive bacterium with high GC content. Along with most other streptomycetes, ''S. griseus'' strains are well known producers of antibiotics and other such commercially significant secondary metabolites. These strains are known to be producers of 32 different structural types of bioactive compounds. The first antibiotic ever reported from a bacterium comes from strains of ''S. griseus''. Recently, the whole genome sequence of one of its strains had been completed. The taxonomic history of ''S. griseus'' and its phylogenetically related strains has been turbulent. ''S. griseus'' was first described in 1914 by Krainsky, who called the species ''Actinomyces griseus''. The name was changed in 1948 by Waksman and Henrici to ''S. griseus''. The interest towards these strains was sought because of their ability to produce streptomycin, a compound which demonstrated significant bactericidal activity against organisms such as ''Yersinia pestis'' (the causative agent of plague) and ''Mycobacterium tuberculosis'' (the causative agent of tuberculosis). For his work on these strains of bacteria and the antibiotic they produce, Waksman would later be awarded a Nobel Prize. == Taxonomy == (詳細はActinobacteria and is the type genus of the family Streptomycetaceae. These are Gram positive bacteria with high GC content〔 and are characterised by a complex secondary metabolism. They produce over two-thirds of the clinically useful antibiotics of natural origin . Streptomycetes are found predominantly in soil and in decaying vegetation, and most produce spores. Streptomycetes are noted for their distinct "earthy" odor which results from production of a volatile metabolite, geosmin.〔 Like other streptomycetes, ''S. griseus'' has a high GC content in its genome, with an average of 72.2%.〔 (【引用サイトリンク】 url = http://park.itc.u-tokyo.ac.jp/hakko/genome/ ) 〕 The species was first classified within the genus ''Streptomyces'' by Waksman and Henrici in 1948.〔 The taxonomy of ''S. griseus'' and its evolutionarily related strains have been a considerable source of confusion for microbial systematists. 16S rRNA gene sequence data have been used to recognise the related strains, and are called ''S. griseus'' 16S rRNA gene clade.〔 The strains of this clade have homogeneous phenotypic properties but show substantial genotypic heterogenecity based on genomic data. Several attempts are still made to solve this issue using techniques such as DNA:DNA homology〔 and multilocus sequence typing. A whole genome sequence was recently carried out on the IFO 13350 strain of ''S. griseus''.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Streptomyces griseus」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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